Arc plasma synthesis of carbon nanostructures: where is the frontier?

M. Keidar, A. Shashurin, J. Li, O. Volotskova, M. Kundrapu, T. Zhuang

In this perspective paper, we critically analyse the state-of-the-art of arc discharge technique of carbon nanoparticle synthesis. We discuss improving controllability of the arc discharge synthesis of carbon nanotubes, synthesis of graphene as well as general understanding of the synthesis process. Fundamental issues related to relationship between plasma parameters and carbon nanostructure characteristics are considered. Effects of electrical and magnetic fields applied during single-wall carbon nanotube synthesis in arc plasma are explored. Finally our personal opinion on what future trends will be in arc discharge synthesis is offered.